Economics for Business and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Economics for Business and Management - Essay Example At price P2, buyers are willing to buy thus creating excess demand in the market which in turn pushes the prices up to P where quantity demanded is equal to quantity supplied thus clearing the market. . Excess demand Fig. 1.0 Price Mechanism by Adams and Periton 2009 Resource Allocation The allocation of resources in a country is determined by the economic system in place. The pure market system has many sellers and buyers and sellers act as price takers. The consumers and producers act based on self interest and have perfect knowledge of the market conditions. The products sold are homogenous thus there is no non-price competition or control over market prices. Firms enter freely in the market and the factors of production are privately owned (Anderton, 2000). Profits act as a sign for producers to increase supply and in effect they employ the best combination of resources that can give them maximum profits (Myers, 2004). Low prices acts as a signal for consumers to buy. Lipsey and Chrystal (2007) argue that when demand is more than supply, the prices rises and falls when supply is more than demand. Allocation of resources is though supply and demand forces. The pure command market is run by one producer selling unique products. There is no competition hence the producer determines the price. The producer can decide whether to raise prices by decreasing the supply in the market or operate at supernormal profits. Entrance to the market is restricted by scarcity of resources, government regulations, and monopolist anti competitive behaviour. The consumer choice is restricted as the government provides what it deems fit for the population. The factors of production are owned by the state hence resource allocation is the duty of the state through a planning process (Anderton, 2000). Arguments in Favour of Free Market The free market economy is considered as the most efficient in allocation of resources. The welfare of the society is maximised when demand equals su pply or social marginal benefits equals social marginal costs (Gillespie, 2007). All individuals are driven by self interest and thus the consumers determine the demand for products, the sellers produce the goods to satisfy the demand driven by profit motive and thus combine factors of production in an efficient way to achieve the goal or be pushed out of the market. This results in low cost production and provision of high quality goods at a low price to the consumer. There are no barriers to entry in a free market thereby allowing competition between sellers. If the sellers earn abnormal profits, this acts as an incentive for competitors to enter the market thus sharing the profit and pushing the prices down (Baumol, 2002). As supply becomes more than demand and the many sellers have to attract customers by selling at low price since consumers are guided by the law of demand; the lower the price, the higher the demand. The consumers also have a variety of alternatives to choose fr om due to presence of many sellers. Baumol (2002) argues that a free market is engaged in a continuous process of innovation. Competition leads sellers to engage in research and development so as to come up with new ways of producing a product which are efficient and differentiate it from other competitors. This leads to innovations of technology and more advanced

A Study On Being John Malkovich English Language Essay

A Study On Being John Malkovich English Language Essay In the movie Being John Malkovich Charlie Kaufman uses puppetry as a metaphor for not being in control of your life. Discuss how he does this with close reference to the film Charlie Kaufman uses puppetry as a metaphor for not being in control of your own life in many characters. Craig first uses physical puppetry to act out events that would not happen in real life, thus regaining control of his life. He later uses Malkovich as his puppet, although this does not help him gain control, it makes it worse. Kaufman demonstrates many layers of puppetry, showing how people can be controlled by other people, making them puppets. Craig uses puppetry as an attempt to regain control of his life. Craig is in love with Maxine, but she is not romantically interested in him. Craig: I like you, I dont know what it is exactly Maxine: My tits? Craig: No, no, its like your energy or your attitude or the way you carry yourself or† Maxine: Christ youre not a fag are you? (Kaufman, page 27) He creates a puppet in absolute likeness of Maxine, and acts out his fantasises with the puppets of him and her, making them kiss and have a passionate conversation. Craig as Maxine: Would you like to be inside my skin Craig? Think what I think? Feel what I feel? Craig as Craig: More than anything Maxine Craig as Maxine: Its good in here Craig, better than your wildest dreams (Kaufman, page 30-31) This shows that because Craig cannot control the situation involving himself and Maxine in real life, he controls it by using puppets. He uses puppets to embody himself and Maxine and achieve what he desires. At the beginning of the movie Craig remarks that â€Å"The great Mantini doesnt need a job† (Kaufman, page 2) in response to Lotte asking him why he wont get a job. Craig is desperate to be a famous puppeteer, like Mantini, but in his own life he cannot achieve or control this. He uses Malkovich to become famous, embodying him and using his fame to his own advantage. Craig: Its sort of like being a puppeteer. I like that about it. Maxine: No one would ever have to know its not him. Craig: And I could use his existing notoriety to launch my own puppeteering career! (Kaufman, page 88) Put simply, Craig uses puppetry to control his career life by using Malkovich as his own puppet. In the end this doesnt work and Craigs life becomes even more out of his control. He loses Lotte and Maxine and becomes extremely unhappy. The final scene of the movie is Craig being inside Lotte and Maxines daughter Emily. He repeatedly says â€Å"look away, look away, look away† because he doesnt want to see how in control and happy Maxine and Lotte are, compared to his out of control existence. This leads on to another layer of puppetry, people controlling people. Kaufman cleverly uses many layers of puppetry as means of control. Many characters in the film are being controlled by others. Most obvious is Malkovich, everyone manipulates him. Maxine and Craig are using him as a cash cow, and everyone who ventures through the portal is using him as a puppet. Maxine: Good well sell tickets Craig: Tickets to Malkovich? Maxine: Sure, two hundred dollars a pop (Kaufman, page 36-37) Although Craig is the only one that is able to control Malkovichs actions and words, everyone who inhabits him is using him as a puppet. The people who use Malkovich in this way do so as means of controlling their lives. They are unhappy with their own lives and are attempting to improve it by ‘being someone else. Maxine: You can be John Malkovich Erroll: Thats perfect! My second choice. Ah this is wonderful. Too good to be true! You see Im a sad man. Sad and fat and alone. (Kaufman, page 54) This demonstrates that the people inhabiting Malkovich are attempting to regain control of their lives through puppetry. They do this because they are vulnerable and Maxine manipulates them through this. Maxine controls many characters in the film. She regularly controls Craig, even though she doesnt try hard to do it. Craig and Lotte are both in love with Maxine, they are being puppeteered by their feelings for her. When they both realise this they begin to fight and this results in Craig locking Lotte in a cage. Lotte screams â€Å"Help! Hes locking me in a cage!† (Kaufman, page 63) because Craig locks her in Elijahs cage so that he can see Maxine. This would never have happened if Maxine hadnt been controlling Lotte and Craig. Craig: Thats true. Oh God Lotte what have I become? My wife in a cage with a monkey. A gun in my hand. Betrayal in my heart. (Kaufman, page 77) Puppetry also exists on a larger scale in this movie. Many characters in this movie feel that their lives are not in their control, but by whose standards is this? Society dictates that people must have jobs, happy relationships and success. Yet in this movie, no-one seems to have any of these. No-one knows who Malkovich is, although he is supposed to be a famous actor. Cabbie: Say arnt you that actor guy? Malkovich: Yeah. Cabbie: John Makel .. Mapplethorpe? (Kaufman, page 33) This shows that even though society wants to be rich and famous, people dont even recognise you on the street. Craig and Lotte have a bad relationship and both fall in love with Maxine. This is in direct contrast with societys views on having a good relationship. Craig: Hmmmm Lotte: Some sort of childhood trauma she thinks Craig: Hmmmm (Kaufman, page 17) The characters in the movie are not being puppeteered by societys standards, although they should be. They are being puppeteered by each other. In the movie Being John Malkovich, puppetry is a strong element and the characters use it for their own personal reasons. Craig uses puppetry because he feels his life is out of control and he is trying to regain that control, in the end this is unsuccessful and his life is more out of control than it was at the beginning. Maxine uses puppetry indirectly, controlling Craig for her own gain. And of course, everyone uses Malkovich as a puppet, the public because they are vulnerable and want to control their lives and therefore (in their minds) improve it. Whatever the reasons for the characters using puppetry as a means of gaining control, it is obvious that Kaufman cleverly uses puppetry as a metaphor for not being in control of your own life. Bibliography: Being John Malkovich, Charlie Kaufman, 1999, New York imdb Being John Malkovich (Online) Available: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120601/ Accessed 23-08-2009 Psychoanalysis, film theory and the case of being John Malkovich, D Dragunoiu, (Online) Available: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3076/is_2_26/ai_n28890509/ Accessed 24-08-2009

Evolution -Them-to Us Essay -- essays research papers

Evolution The origins of mankind is an extremely controversial issue within today’s society. Scientists have a host of different theories pertaining to man’s inhabitance of earth. Many disagreements arise between scientists who have different beliefs pertaining to where and how mankind arose. One such argument is the conflict involving the theory of evolution versus the theory of creation. After extensive scientific research, it is apparent that the theory of evolution is correct. Evolution is the theory that life arose by natural processes at an early stage of the earth’s history and that complex organisms developed from simpler organisms by a process of slow change. It is the idea that new species rise from older species after thousands of years of gradual chemical, environmental, and genetic change. Evolution can be described as the complex processes by which living organisms originated on earth and have been diversified and modified through sustained changes in form an d function â€Å"Evolution†. Scientists, looking for an explanation to the origin of man and other organisms created this evolutionism theory, which also presented answers to the many asked questions dealing with similarities between species. Unlike the theory of creation, which states that the complexity of life and different species can only be explained in terms of a supernatural creator or god who placed life on earth, the theory of evolution has a plethora of evidence proving it to be true â€Å"Creation†. There are several different types of observations that support the theory of organic evolution as an explanation for the similarities and the differences among species. One such observation is in the geologic record. The geologic record is the rock scheme found within the earth’s outer crust. By means of radioactive dating, the ages of rocks in many places on earth have been determined. It is a timetable of the earth’s geologic history. This combin ed with the fossil record, another observation supporting the evolutionary hypothesis, has produced an apparent sequence of life forms from most simple to most complex during the history of the planet. Fossils are any remains or traces of a once-living organism, which are formed by preservation, petrifaction, or sedimentation. Organisms can be preserved and protected against decay by being trapped in amber, tar, or frozen in ice. The hard parts of ... ... the world could have been created in six days. Even though Scopes was found guilty of contradicting creationism and the Bible’s teachings, the persuasion of the defense’s case brought up the major question of evolution versus creation. In 1996, the issue was revisited and now teachers have the right to teach both theories. The Attorney General said the constitutional separation of church and state would be violated if both theories were not acceptable. This trial was a major step for those who believed in evolution. The outcome eventually allowed for people to open their eyes and accept new ideas. The theory of evolution proved to be true â€Å"Monkey†. The controversy over whether evolution or creation is the correct answer to human origins is a major topic of discussion and argument in today’s society. People are entitled to their beliefs, but a great deal of evidence and supporting information has confirmed the theory of evolution to be factual and accurate. By combining all of this information along with comparisons between man and ape and the discoveries of humanlike fossils, the truth is apparent. The theory of evolution in my opinion is correct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Context reflects values Essay

Context is a clear reflection of the values of any era, especially in Shakespeare’s canonical play Hamlet. The events and characters in Hamlet embodies the historical context of shifting religions and political uncertainty that lead to a society imploding. Composed in the 1600s, the murder of a king and the encroachment of foreign power would have had particular resonance for the audience as there was an innate failed invasion of Britain by Spain and an attempted assassination in the Court of Queen Elizabeth I. Additionally, the character Hamlet in this Elizabethan era represents the uncertainty of Christian values and the Renaissance need for restoring the ordained hierarchy. Hamlet was composed in a time of great political uncertainty in English history in which the Queen Elizabeth I had withstood an assassination attempt, a foiled uprising and a failed invasion by Spain. The events of Hamlet , in which a King is murdered and a country ultimately forfeited to foreign power, would have had particular resonance for an Elizabethan audience. This disorder can be seen through the garden imagery woven through the play: â€Å"unweeded garden in two months dead†. The disorder of the country is also seen through the incongruity of Gertrude and Claudius’s reunion: â€Å"Funeral bak’t meals are coldly furnished forth the marriage tables† The period in which Shakespeare wrote was one of explosive growth in knowledge. The Renaissance has seen a revival of Classical learning (reflected in references to Vigil in Hamlet), world exploration was challenged and revolutionising peoples’ conceptions of the universe with Ptolemaic heliocentric (sun-centered) model. Though Hamlet is an appropriation of a story told by Saxo Grammaticus, the ‘Revenge Tragedy’ prototype of Thomas Kyd and the Senecan Tragedy, Shakespeare transcends other tragedies by creating a protagonist that is more complex as Hamlet is a revenge hero that is reluctant to avenge. Through his inner conflict arising from his tragic flaw- procrastination, Hamlet represents the dichotomy of Christian values and the Renaissance need for order in the Elizabethan era. This conflict is crystallised in the Prayer Scene (III,iii)  when Hamlet is passing through to his mother’s room when he comes upon the kneeling Claudius and recognises that he has an opportunity to kill him. He decides not to since, he reasons, if he kills his uncle at prayer Claudius will go to heaven and not to hell – that would be poor revenge. However, according to A.C. Bradley, this is Hamlet’s fatal flaw – procrastination as Hamlet tries to convince himself that this is his duty: â€Å"Why, this is hire and salary, not revenge†, yet is moral code prevents him from avenging. To this point, the audience is convinced that even if Hamlet was to kill Claudius at prayer, Claudius would not go to heaven like what Hamlet had thought because of Claudius’s ironic couplet: â€Å"My words fly up, my thought remain below/ Words without thought never to heaven go†. Hamlet’s conflict is also caused by his humanitarian self, denoted through his soliloquies and paralleling the age of enlightenment. In his soliloquy, he debates the medieval doctrines that demand for a son to absolve his father’s ‘murder’ with conflicting Christianity. In a bitter tone, his despair is denoted through self-laceration: â€Å"lecherous, kindles villain†. Yet this is again an excuse for procrastinating as his frustration at ‘thought’ prevails over any kind of ‘resolution’. In conclusion, it is obvious that the values of any era are reflected through its context. The events and characters in Hamlet mirrors the innate instability and religious upheaval of the 1600s.

Computer Games Essay

Farmville, DotA, Cafà © World, City Ville, Plants Vs. Zombies are just among of the few computer games that are in demand not only among the youth today but also to some adults. These computer games surely bring us entertainment and fun but is that really what’s into it? Have you ever thought of what are the effects of these games to our minds and attitudes? Computer games conquer the minds of our youth today. Through these games, we are able to make friends all over the world. These games could also help our minds because while playing we think of different strategies to win. These helps keep our minds off of the things we don’t want to think about. But are these benefits worth it, when once you get addicted to these you might not think of doing more important things? For me, computer games are fine but once you put all of your time playing these then you might want to think of controlling yourself. Why? Because it might divert your attention from your duties and responsibilities. As a youth and a student, I think that we should focus on our studies more because our studies would make a great impact on our future. If you study more, then you’ll have a greater chance of having a bright future. I am not saying that you should not play such computer games. You could play but make sure that you could control yourself, manage your time, and keep it in moderate. Remember, staying in front of the computer for so long could damage your eyes and your health because of radiation. Some even died because of addiction to the game DotA. I’m not a fan of this game because of its characters that seem to promote the devil. Computer games bring us enjoyment and amusement but we should all think of its effects to us and what it really teaches us before we get indulged on playing such. I don’t have a thing against the gamers but it is good to keep things in moderate. Not only in computer gaming but in other things as well.

Gaughin essays

Gaughin essays Paul Gauguin was a French painter born on June 7, 1848 in Paris. Earlier in his life while at Peru he lived a successful life as stockbroker with his wife and five children. After seeing his first impressionist exhibit in 1874 Gauguin started to collect and to paint and at the age of 35 Gauguin then leaves his family and children to devote this entire life to painting. Gauguin used oil to paint and his style of painting was impressionism. Impressionism is a technique that was developed in France during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The most obvious characteristic of Impressionism is the attempt to accurately and objectively record visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and colour. But during 1886 to 1891 while in Brittany Gauguin made a transition from impressionism to a more naturalistic style which he called synthetism. Gauguin's most powerful and influential period was after 1895 when he spent the rest of his life in the tropics. While he lived on the island of Tahiti he created some very beautiful masterpieces. His subjects in the paintings ranged from the ordinary lives of the Tahitian women to ugly scenes of death. Then on May 9, 1903 Paul Gauguin passes away at the age of 45 while living in Marquesas. I have very many reasons as to why I chose Gauguin. Even though Gauguin spent his elder years in the tropics and I have never gone anywhere near it I have seen, however, how the tropics look like and I like the atmosphere and the environment of it very much. I think Gauguin also liked it very much in the tropics that is why he spent the rest of his life there to paint his surroundings which include palm trees and people. I, on the other hand, only painted palm trees and marine animals with no human beings involved. Another reason as to why I chose Gauguin is because we use similar colour schemes throughout our paintings. Gauguin's colours are very bold and vibrant which give a very joyous ...

Individual Rights essays

Individual Rights essays A person with HIV/AIDS should have the same rights as any other individual without HIV/AIDS. Everyone should be treated equally, without discrimination. We have been taught that discrimination is wrong, so why would it be okay to be intolerant towards someone with HIV/AIDS? There should be no exception; a person should be treated equally with or without this disease. The victims whom suffer from this disease are human beings as well; they are no different from you. If Apartheid was still practiced in South Africa, that would be unconstitutional. If the people who have HIV/AIDS were to be secluded from rest of the society it would be the same as Apartheid. These people are the same as any other human being, they have feelings and they suffer. They should not endure discrimination or have their rights taken away, they suffer enough from the illness. It would be wrong to show prejudice towards a person of the different sex or religion, and to discriminate a person because AIDS affects them is just as wrong. Many might not have the same opinions or thoughts because they have considered the risks of living among people with HIV/AIDS. However, there are other ways to help the society control the spread of HIV/AIDS. Education would be key here, safety tips for the prevention of HIV can help enormously. Another option would be to just precautions when dealing with HIV/AIDS. If the right precautions are made, then the virus cannot harm others. Others believe that victims of HIV/AIDS should be quarantined or secluded to prevent this disease. This nevertheless, it is not only a horrible way to treat people, it goes against what we have worked so hard to achieve, equity. And judging by the statistics there are more that 38 million people with AIDS in the world, quarantine would seem very unrealistic. What we have to understand is that AIDS cannot be vanished that easily, taking such drastic actions wil ...

Atomic Number 13 - Interesting Aluminum Facts

Atomic Number 13 - Interesting Aluminum Facts Aluminum (aluminium) is the element that is atomic number 13 on the periodic table. Its element symbol is Al and its atomic mass is 26.98. Each atom of aluminum contains 18 protons. Aluminum atoms with fewer than 18 electrons are cations, while those with more than 18 electrons are anions. The isotope of aluminum is determined by its number of neutrons. Here is a collection of interesting facts about atomic number 13. Element Atomic Number 13 Facts Pure aluminum is a soft, nonmagnetic silvery-white metal. Most people are familiar with the pure elements appearance from aluminum foil or cans. Unlike many other metals, aluminum is not very ductile, which means it isnt readily drawn into wires. Aluminum is strong, yet light  compared with most other metals.Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the Earths crust  (about 8%) and the most abundant metal.Aluminum ore (bauxite) is mined, chemically refined into alumina (aluminum oxide) using the Bayer process, and finally refined into aluminum metal using the electrolytic Hall-Heroult process. The modern process requires considerable energy, yet its much easier than past refining methods. It was so difficult to obtain element 13 that is was considered a precious metal. Napoleon III served dinners to his most important guests on aluminum platters, leaving lesser guests to dine using gold!In 1884, the cap of the Washington Monument was made using aluminum because the metal was so highly valued at that time. Only 5% of the energy needed to purify aluminum from alumina is required to recycle aluminum from scrap. In fact, you can even recycle the element at home, if you like.The name for element 13 has been either aluminum or aluminium. We can blame the English chemist, Sir Humphy Davy, for the confusion. Davy initially called the element alumium in 1807, from the mineral alumina. Davy changed the name to aluminum and then finally to aluminium in 1812. The -um spelling persisted in Britain for a while, eventually changing to aluminium. Chemists in the United States actually used the -ium ending, shifting toward the -um ending in the 1900s. In the 1990s, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry formally determined element 13 should be aluminium, yet the -um spelling persists in the U.S. Its worth noting that despite the naming controversy he caused, Davy neither discovered the element nor isolated it!Although aluminum is present in over 270 minerals and is widely abundant, the element does not appear to serve a biological role in either animals or plants. The presence of aluminum salts is generally tolerated by animals and plants. However, in high doses aluminum exposure alters the function of the blood-brain barrier. Some people are allergic to aluminum. Ingesting acidic foods increases aluminum absorption, while the flavor enhancer maltol increases its accumulation in bones and nerves. Aluminum increases estrogen-related gene expression in breast cells of humans. The US Department of Health and Human Services classifies aluminum as a non-carcinogen. Whether or not aluminum is a factor in Alzheimers disease is a matter of debate. It is unknown whether aluminum contributes to the degenerative disease or whether developing the disease results in accumulation of the element. Element atomic number 13 conducts electricity, although not as well as silver, copper, or gold. If you have metal dental fillings or braces, you can experience this firsthand. When you bite on a piece of aluminum foil, the salts in saliva conduct electricity between the foil and the filling, creating a type of galvanic battery and delivering an electrical shock to your mouth.Uses of aluminum are second only to those of iron and its alloys. While nearly pure aluminum may be used, the element is also alloys with copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, and silicon. The pure element is used when corrosion resistance is paramount. Alloys are used where strength or hardness are important. Aluminum is used in beverage containers because of its corrosion resistance. The metal is used in construction, transportation, and to make everyday household items. High-purity aluminum is used in wires, electronics, and CDs. The metal is used to make reflective surfaces and paint. Some string instruments, e specially guitars, have aluminum bodies. Aircraft bodies are made of aluminum alloyed with magnesium.

Free Speech and Its Limits Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Free Speech and Its Limits - Case Study Example The history of broadcasting in this country began when all radio stations were publicly owned by controlling the public's ownership of the airwaves. Stations were licensed to use a given frequency and were deemed to be a public service. In return for the use of the airwaves, the station had a responsibility to provide news and information that was in the public interest and promoted the public good. This gave rise to the 'Public Service Announcement' and the concept of 'equal time' for political candidates. However, with the privatization of the airwaves by big media concerns, these historical concepts have given way to entertainment and agendas. Within the framework of legality and decency there should be no limits to free speech in the media. Technology has made radio, television, and the Internet more accessible to consumers as well as content providers. This proliferation has caused our society, culture, politics, and government to become enmeshed and inseparable. If we rid our media of politics, we will not have a forum to discuss our most important social and cultural issues. Free speech was granted as a way to air our differences and find common ground. It protects us from tyranny and oppression and reduces the suppression of the minority viewpoint. The mayor of Port Arthur

An examination of factors affecting Inditex's online sales market in Dissertation

An examination of factors affecting Inditex's online sales market in Russia - Dissertation Example Much of the transactions over the Internet are performed without person-to-person interaction between the store representatives and consumers, and without the consumers viewing and inspecting the actual item to be purchased. Online purchase transactions are intrinsically based on intangible promises, which fact explains the natural reluctance of most consumers to immediately transact over websites. The study makes use of both primary and secondary data in the resolution of the research problem. Secondary data is relied upon to assess the direction and prospects of the Russian online apparels market, to determine the opportunities it offers and how Inditex could best position itself given the forecasted indicators. Primary data is gathered through the online dissemination of survey questionnaires that elicited perceptual data from consumers who were stratified according to whether they transacted seldom, moderately or frequently in online retail stores. The hypotheses were tested with the use of Student’s t-test and OLS regression analysis. The study found that trust factors (transaction security, customer data misuse, uncertainty reducing elements, and guarantees/ return policies) are the most significant and positively influential drivers of both decisions to purchase and the amount of purchases made. Marketing mix is also significant though less influential, with pricing strategies playing a positive role in the decision to purchase and the amount purchased. Finally, usability has some impact on both the purchase decision and volume transacted, but the direction of the relationship of these factors to the outputs is uncertain. Key words: online retailer, marketing mix, multichannel marketing, multi-concept approach, market segmentation, transaction security, site speed Table of Contents Abstract 2 List of Tables 6 List of Figures 6 Chapter 1: Introduction 8 1.1 Background of the problem 8 1.2 Industry Background 12 1.3 Research aim / objective 13 1.4 R esearch hypotheses 13 1.5 Research questions 13 1.6 Research objectives 13 1.7 Significance of the study 13 1.8 Chapter Summary 14 Chapter 2: Literature Review 15 2.1 Chapter overview 15 2.2 Online shopping 15 2.3 Traditional versus online consumer behaviour 17 2.4 Factors affecting online shopping behaviour 18 2.5 Strategic practices in online retailing 20 2.6 Online fashion retailing 21 2.7 Theoretical Framework 23 Chapter 3: Methodology 27 3.1Chapter overview 27 3.2 Research philosophy and strategy 27 3.3 Research approach 28 3.4 Data and information 29 3.5 Survey dissemination 29 3.6 Data analysis 30 The data gathered through the survey questionnaire consists of the perceptions of online shoppers classified as either seldom, moderate, and frequent purchasers. These responses are used to resolve hypothesis 1 with the use of Student’s t-test statistical method, and also to resolve hypothesis 2 with the use of ordinary least squares (OLS) multivariate regression analysis. Th e procedure shall be executed with the use of the SPSS version 17 statistical software. 30 3.6 Reliability and validity 31 3.7 Limitations 31 3.8 Chapter summary 31 The third chapter described the data that was used and the method by which such data had been gathered and analysed. These methods had been implemented during the research phase, in the course of which the data as described had been gathered and analysed according to the procedures described in this chapter. The findings that resulted

Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Paper 2 - Essay Example Secondly, I support the civil rights movement, because its leaders including Martin Luther King Jr. acknowledged the importance of integrating the leadership of whites and that of blacks, among other minority groups (Taylor 156). Their view was opposed to the Black Nationalism’s goal of displacing and the revolting against the entre leadership system held by the white people. Through this letter, I will communicate the different reasons, and the critical areas that compelled me to decline the opportunity of working with the OAAU; instead, am in favor of the outlook of the civil rights movement. The first reason as to why I decline the invitation to work with OAAU is that all through the years between 1953 and 1965, despite the efforts of the members of the civil rights movement, the followers of Black Nationalism took an opposite trajectory (Reed 151-155). ... From the outlook that the entire array of Western culture phenomena was based on prejudice and hypocrisy was faulty, mainly because the integration of the black people into the mainstream society would offer them access to platforms for causing change. For example, at the time, very few black people had considerable education; therefore their chances of taking leadership positions were very minimal (Cone 134). The negative outlook of the Black Nationalist movement, which houses the OAAU, is evident from the decrees of Malcolm X, who held that the control of justice, taking center-stage in economics and separatism were the only options that would change the racist situation in the American society. However, Malcolm had little thought of the economic infrastructures that they would use to remain independent; many blacks were not educated to levels that would guarantee effective leadership and he did not regard whether separatism would affect the black society positively or negatively ( Cone 134). Second evidence that Malcolm X’s organization does not offer the better option to the problems facing the black people is that, he believed that violence was the only channel, through which social change could take place; he believed that nonviolence was the philosophy of the fool (Taylor 156). However, it is necessary to note that violence has not yielded positive effects in the past, further; using violence could affect minority groups like the blacks negatively. The third evidence is that the institution of ethical values, developing their own society and setting self-help groups was likely to alienate the black people, from the mainstream economy, noting that they were not the majority. The second

Why did the early church grow so rapidly and what impact did this Research Paper

Why did the early church grow so rapidly and what impact did this success have on the church - Research Paper Example A good number of early religious believers and evangelists were stoned to death while others were imprisoned for failing to renounce their belief. However, despite of the endless critics and attempt to exterminate Christianity, the religion survived all attempts to get rid of it existence and is at present the leading religion in the world in terms of followers, wealth, and infrastructural development1. Just like in any other part of the world, Christianity in South Korea faced infinite resistance and denunciation from a section of the country’s population. However, the development of Christianity in South Korea was to a great extent facilitated by the support from the country’s elites and a good section of members of the general public. In the field of religious study, the research on growth and development of churches in South Korea is one of the most interesting and less studied topics. In addition, the South Korea churches are commonly known for their expansive grow th and adverse number of mega churches. The number of protestant followers has in the last few years grown significantly and is current more than 30% of the total South Korean population. Most religious believers are however for the view that, the development and growth of churches in South Korea and in the entire world is greatly facilitated by the work and power of the Holy Spirit. Scholars and thinkers hold different opinion on the factors that contributed to the significant growth of Churches in the world and especially in South Korea. According to modern scholars, contemporary development of churches all over the world is a contribution of cataclysmic economic, social, and political crises in the world. Others facets recognized for the success of Christianity are the contributions of indigenous religious tradition. The paper therefore focuses on the causes of early rapid growth of churches in the world and its impacts on churches. The essay will also seek to evaluate the lesson learnt after the 20th century Korean experiences. The utmost rationale behind the rapid development of churches was its appeal to the masses. Most of the people who were transformed to Christianity were Gentile as opposed to reformed Jews. Initially, Christianity started as a small group in Jewish community. The expansion of Christianity believers was however accelerated by consistent transformation of Gentiles into Christianity. The Gentiles were unwilling to accept Judaism due to its Strict Kosher Dietary Laws and their circumcision practices. Christianity lacked strict laws therefore it was more applying to the population at that particular historical time. The increase in the number of Christian followers therefore led to construction of more churches in the world and most specifically in areas that were densely occupied by Gentile community2. Christianity accommodative teachings were as well associated with rapid growth of churches in the world. The perception that, all people are equal in the eyes of God played an incredibly decisive role in the spread of Christianity in the world. At this historical period, people were divided into several classes according to their wealth and power. Christianity promised and preached equality to everyone in the society. Additionally, there were significant similarities in beliefs and practices between pagan religion and Christianity. As a result, Christianity incorporated approximately the entire pagan beliefs. The identification of correspondences between

Political Economy and Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Political Economy and Public Policy - Essay Example I will attempt in this essay to specifically explain the meaning and implications on the imminent challenges that may be experienced while trying to achieve this objective. I will include the political considerations of the devolution of power from central government to the regions and local authorities. Also, I will look at the political willingness, and what government departments do, to pay attention to a stronger patient voice in this process. I will critically analyze the functions and compositions of public forums in the UK since the onset of this idea of transition from central government. Issues of partnerships and service delivery policies will also be discussed with the intention of shedding more light on their role in ensuring that citizens in this country get better health care through a decentralized framework. I will also draw on some internal documents and discussions within the central Department of Health to represent up to date changes taking place in the move towar ds decentralization. Organizational Initiatives such as Local Area Agreements (LAA's) and Local Strategic Partnerships (LSP's) will also be discussed at length in terms of their extensive utilization as key instruments in the health and social care sector in decentralization. Local Area Agreements are public initiatives designed to specifically handle issues of coordination between the central government, partnerships and the public in general on matters of social and health care. They are usually agreements between the central government, the local government and other major partners who take part in the provision of solutions to local issues. They are structured to promote safety among the societal members in terms of strengthening communities and to implement strategies necessary to safeguard people in the society through improved health and social care programs. The objectives of Local Area Agreements are to: help in linking up public services at the local level to the central government aid decision making processes at local levels of authorities reduce bureaucracy reduce the number of funding channels that are used to convey funds to local authorities, and to Promote structural partnerships among different groups of people. (Jeffrey A. & Ashman P, 2001) Local Strategic Partnerships LSP'S are non-statutory organizations designed to enable important decisions to be made at local level so that issues that need to be addressed at the community level are dealt with efficiently (ODPM panel report, July 2004). It also brings together the public, governments, private sectors and other interested parties to the community level to discuss issues that affect the people. In the UK, Local Strategic Partnership programs were developed in 2003 by a consortium of peer reviews to promote collaboration of performance management systems in the health care sector. (Democratic Health Network, 2006) It was designed to ensure that there is widespread ownership between the partners and communities. The peer review process involved various stakeholders who helped in outlining and promoting new experiences and insights about good practices on public health. Since that time, Peer review programs have been reviewed including the Coventry proceedings in October, 2003 which allowed for the scrutiny of how partnerships behave and act

Why Is Philosophy Valuable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why Is Philosophy Valuable - Essay Example It characteristically aspires to something quite a bit more ambitious than the rhetorical and political, and presumes to be based on something considerably more substantial than mere assertion. Philosophical investigation is driven by a passion for things like insight, understanding, and truth. Philosophy is thus founded in the human need to make sense of the world and our place in it. What distinguishes it from mere personal opinion and credulity is its rejection of passionate convictions as sufficient grounds for belief and action, and its commitment to careful analysis and systematic reasoning (Granitto n.d.). Philosophy is the discipline which allows a person to be able to think rationally and irrationally. Philosophers are inveterate askers of questions, people who find intractable problems and issues in what to others seems obvious and utterly uncontroversial. It is not for no reason that the philosopher has been considered (to put it politely) a gadfly. So to approach the stud y of philosophy with the expectation of finding a coolly dispassionate endeavor governed by strict laws of logic and marked by widespread agreement on fundamental issues is to seriously misunderstand its nature and underestimate its difficulty. Philosophy is no mere marshaling of views, no purveyor of irrefutable, absolute truths. It is, rather, a messy and disquieting process in which cherished beliefs and comfortable assumptions are subjected to critical scrutiny. Both philosophy and criticism seek to educate sensibilities and enhance critical awareness, endeavors that, it should be noted, ultimately reduce esteem for the pedestrian and the commonplace. Criticism usually draws liberally on philosophical convictions, while philosophy can and frequently does seek to examine specific practices. Any academic discipline that teaches how to think rationally is valuable and worth studying. Yet it is hardly possible to engage in criticism without employing, beliefs as to what constitutes good or proper thinking: beliefs whose formulation and examination are explicitly philosophical undertakings. Philosophy's historical perspectives are no more lodged in some remote and distant past than acclaimed practices critics continue to enjoy centuries after they were created. Philosophy's voices continue to speak to us, and they have a great deal to say if only we try to understand their assumptions (Minton and Shipka 1990). Philosophy is valuable as the decisions and actions that shape philosophical practices are undertaken without such scrutiny. Such practices are likely to be haphazard and considerably less effective than we might hope. Even more to the point, they may inadvertently serve ends quite different from those we envisage. One's choice, in other words, is not so much between doing and reflecting as it is between practice that unthinkingly replicates an unexamined status quo and practice guided by critical awareness of carefully considered ends. Anyone interested in thinking who commits to systematic reflection on that interest engages in activity that is to some degree philosophical. Accordingly, the question is not whether to engage in it, but how to do it well. And we would do well to remember that there is more than one way to do it well. It is sometimes claimed that among philosophy's benefits is its capacity to inspire, to instill in people a

Political Economy and Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Political Economy and Public Policy - Essay Example I will attempt in this essay to specifically explain the meaning and implications on the imminent challenges that may be experienced while trying to achieve this objective. I will include the political considerations of the devolution of power from central government to the regions and local authorities. Also, I will look at the political willingness, and what government departments do, to pay attention to a stronger patient voice in this process. I will critically analyze the functions and compositions of public forums in the UK since the onset of this idea of transition from central government. Issues of partnerships and service delivery policies will also be discussed with the intention of shedding more light on their role in ensuring that citizens in this country get better health care through a decentralized framework. I will also draw on some internal documents and discussions within the central Department of Health to represent up to date changes taking place in the move towar ds decentralization. Organizational Initiatives such as Local Area Agreements (LAA's) and Local Strategic Partnerships (LSP's) will also be discussed at length in terms of their extensive utilization as key instruments in the health and social care sector in decentralization. Local Area Agreements are public initiatives designed to specifically handle issues of coordination between the central government, partnerships and the public in general on matters of social and health care. They are usually agreements between the central government, the local government and other major partners who take part in the provision of solutions to local issues. They are structured to promote safety among the societal members in terms of strengthening communities and to implement strategies necessary to safeguard people in the society through improved health and social care programs. The objectives of Local Area Agreements are to: help in linking up public services at the local level to the central government aid decision making processes at local levels of authorities reduce bureaucracy reduce the number of funding channels that are used to convey funds to local authorities, and to Promote structural partnerships among different groups of people. (Jeffrey A. & Ashman P, 2001) Local Strategic Partnerships LSP'S are non-statutory organizations designed to enable important decisions to be made at local level so that issues that need to be addressed at the community level are dealt with efficiently (ODPM panel report, July 2004). It also brings together the public, governments, private sectors and other interested parties to the community level to discuss issues that affect the people. In the UK, Local Strategic Partnership programs were developed in 2003 by a consortium of peer reviews to promote collaboration of performance management systems in the health care sector. (Democratic Health Network, 2006) It was designed to ensure that there is widespread ownership between the partners and communities. The peer review process involved various stakeholders who helped in outlining and promoting new experiences and insights about good practices on public health. Since that time, Peer review programs have been reviewed including the Coventry proceedings in October, 2003 which allowed for the scrutiny of how partnerships behave and act

Making Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting Research Paper

Making Decisions Based on Demand and Forecasting - Research Paper Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the demand curve, one of the lines on a supply and demand graph; represents various levels of consumer demand for a product at different prices. The curve crosses the supply curve representing the equilibrium price where demand and price are all in balance. Using demand curve data, a business is able to determine which pricing strategies to employ. These strategies lead to income estimates and set objectives which indicate the importance of pricing in an organization and its ability to be profitable. Based on pricing managers of Dommino pizza are able to forecast how much a customer may buy and how much of the product will be bought at a given period of time. An organization will shift the production of various products and services based on supply and demand of these particular commodities. Managers should make critical decisions to ensure that they produce enough goods and services to ensure that demand does not ov erriding because if this happens then there will not exist a market due to overproduction. Dommino pizza should, therefore, ensure that it produces a reasonable number of pizzas that are enough for all its customers according to their demands. Thirdly, another important decision for a company is the distribution of goods. Channels of distribution are highly affected by demand whereby, where the demand for goods is high then managers should improvise shorter, more direct and economical channels. In cases of low demand for goods, managers should change the way they distribute their goods to those particular markets. Finally, demand affects how a company employs its skilled labor force. The demand for products dictates the demand for particular skill or position in the labor market. The relative cost of hiring skilled personnel affects who a company is willing to hire.

Juror Organised Highly Conscientious Philosophy Essay

Juror Organised Highly Conscientious Philosophy Essay 12 Angry Men is a story of 12 juries making decision for a boy who have been accused for murdering his own father. A jury not only symbolizes democracy, but also embodies important cultural values which teamwork. The movie, 12 Angry Men clearly depicts how a random group of people can come together for a common goal, and in this case specifically to reach a final verdict. Each member possesses specific personality traits and diverse backgrounds that affect the decision making process. In the beginning, eleven juries out of twelve voted guilty. Only Juror No.8 voted the boy is not guilty. Juror 8 thought that they should re-examine the evidences again and not simply make decision on the boys life within five minutes. All of them agreed to speak out their opinions about the case. Most of them voted guilty based on the evidences and testimonials by the witnesses. 2.0 Personalities According to the Gordon Allport, personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his unique adjustment to his environment In other words, the ways in which a person reacts or interacts with others. Actually, it is the mixture of characteristics or traits that form a persons character and makes the person unique from another. In the movie 12 Angry Men the twelve juries got twelve different personalities. Hence, by using the personality traits models, like Big Five Model we have analyzed what kind of personalities they fall into. 2.1 Juror#1- Responsible, Conscientiousness Firstly, Juror #1 was the leader (foreman) of the twelve jury board. Throughout the discussion on whether the boy who was accused as a murderer of his father is guilty or not, he acted as a responsible leader. We discover that he handled situation in an organized way, for example- at start he suggested everyone to sit by their numbers and after that when everyone was settled on their seats he explained what they are supposed to do, and also when Juror#12 was distracted from his responsibility as a juror, Juror#1 reminded him his reason to be in the juror board. So, this proves that he has high conscientiousness. Furthermore, his agreeableness is also quite high as he considered others opinion about voting at first and keeping everyones view in front according to jury numbers and so on. In addition, his emotional stability is high, he was calm throughout the discussion even when 10th Juror questioned his leadership by asking him to stop treating them as kids, he did not raise his voic e too much but he just offered Juror#10 to take over his position. 2.2 Juror#2- Mild Openness to Idea It was the first time as a juror for Juror#2, so he was at first clueless about how thing works in a juror discussion. He was not very comfortable to voice out his ideas about why he thinks the boy is guilty, he just believes the evidences and the words he heard from the case. It gives the idea that his openness to new things is not high; he is not autonomous when taking decision. But he got more involved as the discussion goes on after a while and when the Juror#8 was showing out his doubt about the truth of the evidence, Juror#2 took notice of the logic behind the doubts and eventually supported Juror#8. 2.3 Juror#3- Stubborn Next, Juror#3 was the one who changed his vote to not guilty in the end. His stubbornness made him stick towards voting guilty throughout the discussion. He did not want to listen to any opinion other than his; he also denied the facts that make the evidences doubtful, this makes him low on agreeableness. Furthermore, he is low on conscientiousness as he did not feel responsible for the boys life, he thought that the courtroom was sleepy, people are talking too much when the case was obvious, and it is just a waste of time and money for him, even when the Juror#8 was giving out his view instead of listening carefully why Juror#8 thought the boy might not be guilty Juror#3 was playing with Juror#12. Next, he also lost his temper when Juror#8 was convincing others with his reasons of having doubt on the evidences and the number of vote for not guilty was increasing, he yelled at those who changed their mind, he was emotionally unstable. 2.4 Juror#4- Organised, Highly Conscientious Now, we move to Juror#4. He gives an impression of a very professional and organized person because he supported his view about the boy being guilty with facts and logic, without simply just saying guilty because the court said so. Despite that, he is highly conscientious as he took his duty as juror seriously. He was emotionally stable and opens to others opinion. He was not influenced by others, when making decisions he was independent, rational and calm. He changed his vote only after Juror#8 and Juror#9 gave him enough evidence (e.g. remembering the movie name, marks of spectacles on the womans nose) to doubt his decision over the kid as the murderer. However, at the beginning of the discussion he showed a little negative thinking about the slum and the people who live there by saying He was born in a slum. Slums are breeding grounds for criminals, I know as a view its no secret. 2.5 Juror#5- Introvert Next, Juror#5 shared the same background in terms of environment and culture in which, the boy who was accused to be murderer grew up. He was not comfortable to judge the boy and also did not want to give reason behind his vote at first. He showed the symptoms of an introvert person. Later on when he connected the evidence with his own experience and when he was offended by having a background that was born in a slum, he changed his vote to not guilty. 2.6 Juror#6- Simple When we come to Juror#6, we can know that he was a simple man. When it was his time to give his opinion on the cause of voting guilty he simply said there was a motive like every murder case and the picture presented in the court makes it obvious that the boy killed his father, he could not argue with the fact Juror#8 brought in front of him then. He just agrees with the court decision. He never became hyper throughout the meeting; he tried to stop whenever people got into fight just like Juror#4. In the movie we could also see his feeling of responsibility towards the old man. 2.7 Juror#7- Irresponsible, Irrational We realized that Juror#7 was the most irresponsible and irrational. He wanted the discussion to finish as fast as possible so that he could go to watch a baseball match. To him, the life of a person was like a child play to him. He did not fulfill his responsibility as a jury which makes him low on conscientiousness. He related the boys past offences to judge him as guilty. 2.8 Juror#8- High in conscientiousness, Emotionally Stable Next, Juror#8 is the most important character in the story, because of him everybody started to think the case from a what if situation. He felt responsible for the boys life, he presented his opinion with logic, he thought about the reliability of the evidence presented in the court, he put a lot of effort to show the leaks in the evidences (e.g. the knife, the old man testimony about seeing the boy running down the stairs, women who saw the murder from a moving train). This proves he is high on conscientiousness. He was emotionally stable even though he was frequently questioned about his decision. Just once he lost temper for a bit because Juror#3 was not paying attention to his talk. 2.9 Juror#9- Old, Timid, Low Confidence Level The negative personalities can be detected through Juror#9. He is very old and afraid to voice out his thought. His confidence level is low as he does not have the strength to argue with the other juries who were younger than him. He was threatened by Juror#10. At a point of time he wished he was younger to voice out his argument. However, he is a very good observer. He was the second not guilty voter. He changed his vote when he saw Juror#8s view connects with his observation. His observing quality supported Juror#8s doubt about the evidences throughout. His decision making was based on intuition where he himself also not sure whether the story told by the defendant was true or not. He just thinks that they need to discuss further before sending the defendant for the execution. 2.10 Juror#10- Hyper, Emotionally Unstable The most emotional character was Juror#10 as he was the most hyper, emotionally unstable person in the group. He did not want to hear any argument that contradicts with his opinion about the boy, he shouted, yelled at those who thought the boy was not guilty. His judgment was discriminative. He referred the boy as trash, animals, drugged up person who do not care about peoples life and kill them without having any proper reason; he is just like other people who grow up in the slum. 2.11 Juror#11- Introvert In contrast to Juror#10, Juror#11 has an introvert personality. He was not noticeable at the beginning of the movie. During the time of voting he raised up his hand with some hesitation after seeing the majority were raising hands to vote as guilty. At first he observed Juror#8, Juror#9 and Juror#5s logic in voting not guilty then he changed his vote and started to share his opinion. He was open towards the facts presented by Juror#8, 9 and 10. Although he was calm all the way but when Juror#7 changed his vote to not guilty without giving any proper reason he burst out in anger seeing that childishness over a serious matter. This also shows that Juror#11 is conscientious. 2.12 Juror#12- Extrovert Lastly, Juror#12 at the beginning tried to interact with other juries; it shows that he is an extrovert. But when the discussion started he did not expressed much, instead he was carried away with his own personal job. His agreeableness level was high. He did not have his own thinking or opinion on the case; he was easily distracted by the two parties (guilty and not guilty) in the discussion. When majority vote for guilty, then he raises his hand. He was unsure about his own decision. This decision making may be affected by his high agreeableness personalities that caused him to listen, or even follow others opinion without own judgment. 3.0Values Actually, values were developed from a belief that people hold in. Hence, value is defined as specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence. Normally, they contain a judgmental element in that they carry an individuals ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable. We realize values are important in this movie because they contain jurors interpretations of right and wrong. We will classify and interpret the values found in each characters of 12 Angry Mens using Rokeach Value Survey which is consists of terminal values and instrumental values. 3.1 Juror#1-Equal Opportunity As we know, foreman should be fairer and stress on equality. Juror#1 is the foreman of the jury. He has terminal value of equality which is equal opportunity for all juries to vote. He is serious about his authoritative role and wants to be as fair as possible to everyone. He offers everyone an equal opportunity to vote and speak out their opinion whether the boy guilty or not guilty. He also has instrumental values of broad-minded. He is open-minded in listening and accepting every jurors opinion. For instance, he accepted the proposal of Juror#8 to have a round of secret vote. His broad-minded values also affected his decision making. He vote for guilty at first, but with the reasonable doubt with all the evidence, he shift to not guilty at last. His decision making was quiet rational and did not shift too often as what Juror#12 did. 3.2 Juror#2-Polite Juror#2 is a quiet man who is easily persuaded by the opinions of others and cannot explain the roots of his opinions. He has instrumental values of polite. He is trying to voice out his own opinion with polite way. His politeness can be seen through the discussion process where he kept one asking question in a polite manner and gain respect from other Jurors. 3.3 Juror#3- Capable, Courageous Now we move to another instrumental value, which are capable and courageous. Juror#3 has instrumental values of capable and courageous. He stands up for his belief that the boy is guilty based on the facts such as the switchblade used as the murder weapon and evidence from the witness. However, his strong belief on the defendant must guilty was also influenced by his bad relationship with his son who hit and left him, which thus lead him to be irrational in analyzing the reasonable doubt for those evidences and decisions made. 3.4 Juror#4-Logical, Broad-Minded Juror#4 has instrumental values of logical and broad-minded. He logically related his decision with the evidences. On the other hand, he is also able to listen to other juries opinion. He was convinced by Juror#9 that the witness across the road may not really see what is happening at the murder place. He tries to support his own decision by further analysis of the facts with logical ways. 3.5 Juror#5-Forgiving, Logical Next, we can find instrumental value of forgiving on Juror#5. Although he got offended when Juror#3 and Juror#10 criticizing him on his background, however he is still willing to forgive them. Witnessing knife fights and normal slum behaviour, he feels obligated to explain an experience that would later help the jurors vote not guilty. The ability to link his experience of knife fights and normal slum behaviour to this case whereby the defendant is also from slum shows that Juror#5 has instrumental value of intelligence in his thinking. 3.6 Juror#6-Respect, Loving Now let us move to Juror#6 who has terminal values of respect and instrumental values of loving. He respects Juror#9 which is the eldest among them. He tries to let Juror#9 has the chance to voice out his opinion. Juror#6 bravely stands up to Juror #3 when he speaks rudely to Juror #9, threatening to hit Juror #3 if he ever speaks to the old man like that again. 3.7 Juror#7-Pleasure, Cheerful Meanwhile, terminal values of pleasure and instrumental values of cheerful are clearly shown on Juror#7. He is a baseball fan. He bought two tickets to watch live baseball game on that particular day. During the break time of the discussion, everyone was tensed with how things going to be as a jury, but he still could talk with others cheerfully. 3.8 Juror#8-Logical, Responsible Juror#8 has instrumental values of logical and responsible. He does not believe the evidence that presented by lawyer. He analyzed evidence by using logic. For instance, he questioned on the old man who claimed himself had taken fifteen seconds from his bedroom to rush to his front door and gotten a look on the murderer. He does not simply make a decision that may destroy the boys life. He feels that as one of the Juror, he has the responsibility to make a right decision. This is clearly shown when he first voted not guilty because he wants further discussion and not to decide the defendants life just within five minutes without any further discussion. Majority were trying to give some pressure to the Juror#8 for his odd decision. But the pressure could not shake off his decision; he stood strong with his own decision which was affected by his values. 3.9 Juror#9-Intellectual, Logical Follow with Juror#9 who has instrumental values of intellectual and logical. Although he is the eldest among them still he paid a lot of attention during the trial and looked into detailed on every witness. He convinced Juror#4 on the reasonable doubt on the woman has deep marks on her nose, which means she is wearing spectacles and might not be able to see clearly on the murder case that happened across the road with train passed by and just got up from bed which is not putting on her spectacles. This shows how he used his intelligence and observance in daily life in this case. 3.10 Juror#10-Courageous Next, Juror#10 has instrumental value of courageous. He is standing up for his belief that with the background of the boy comes from, which is born in a slum, the boy must be guilty. This has become his prejudice which caused him fail to think and decide rationally on whether the boy is guilty or not. Besides that, Juror#10 also has terminal value of self-respect. He holds very high esteem not to be someone from the slums. Juror#10s decision making was affected by his perceptions towards the background of the defendant which occurred from his self-esteem values that want to be differentiated from people of that background. 3.11 Juror#11-Responsible Instrumental value of responsible can be found on Juror#11. He felt the responsibility being juror to give the correct judgment on the defendant and believe in justice. Besides that, Juror#11 also has instrumental value of logical. He is observant with the facts and changed his vote to not guilty due to the doubt on whether the defendant would have reasonably fled the scene and come back three hours later to retrieve his knife. His decision is based on logical thinking about how a normal people might act after committing a murder. 3.12 Juror#12-An Exciting Life Lastly, Juror#12 has terminal value of having an exciting life. He involves actively in social activities and his work. However, this has caused him often distracted during the discussion of the jury. 4.0 Attitude Attitudes are evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events. Attitudes give warnings of potential problems and influence behavior. Attitudes have three components which are cognitive (evaluation), affective (feeling), and behavioral (action). In this movie, most of the jurors have a positive attitude that the boy is guilty. They believe that the evidences are solid, which is the cognitive component for their attitude. Following with this, the affective component of their behaviour were set up whereby they feel the boy is guilty. Subsequently, it affected their behaviour component and they voted the boy is guilty. Conversely, Juror#8 has a different attitude compared to other Juries. He thinks there are a lot of reasonable doubts in the evidences yet no one questioned the validity of those evidences in the court. This has become the cognitive component for his negative attitude towards the boy is guilty. He feels that the boy might not be guilty, which is the affective component of his attitude. Because of this, he voted the boy as not guilty and wants to have a discussion with other jurors on the evidences. 5.0 Emotion and Mood After discussing the personality and values depicted by the 12 Angry Men, emotion and moods are two other important variables that affect decision making process. Actually, emotions are intense feelings directed at someone or something while moods are less intense feelings than emotions and often lack a contextual stimulus. In addition, emotions are reactions to a person or an event but moods usually are not directed at a person or an event (Robbins, S.P. Judge, T.A. (2013) Organizational Behavior). In 12 Angry Men movie, decisions making of 12 juries whether that young boy guilty or not guilty are always affected by their emotions and moods. Thus, having a stable emotion is necessary for them to make a rational decision. 5.1 Juror#1- Mood: Neutral to Bad; Emotion: Frustration Juror#1 is the foreman of the jury and he shows his leadership at first and neutral mood. However, he gets frustrated when other jurors questioned his leadership. He wants to be as fair as possible and try to maintain a relaxed and calm mood when discussion is going on. Luckily, he was able to regulate back his emotion to normal state and facilitate the discussion at the mid. 5.2 Juror#2- Mood: Anxious; Emotion: Nervous On the other hand, Juror#2 is a quiet and the most timid guy in the group. Having his first time to deliberate in such jury case made him anxious and fear to voice out his opinion. He was easily persuaded by other jurors due to his lack of self confidence. Besides, he also failed to explain the roots of his opinion that grounded his decision at the beginning. However, his courage to voice out his opinion has been mounting as the discussion goes further. 5.3 Juror#3- Mood: Bad; Emotion: Angry Let us move to the main antagonist of the movie, Juror#3. Juror#3 is a person who quick to lose his temper. His was having a bad mood since the beginning when he complains on the lawyers talked for so long even on such an obvious case. He gets angry when Juror#8 and other members disagree with his opinions, and his anger becomes stronger when other jurors change their vote from guilty to not guilty. He believes that the defendant is absolutely guilty until the very end of the play. His emotion gets affected in this case because he has poor relationship with his own son, which causes him to have biased views. Being in angry emotion and biased views has caused him irrational in making decision on guilty and not guilty for the defendant until the very end of the movie. His decision making was based on his own experience that does not related much to the trial. 5.4 Juror#4- Mood: Neutral; Emotion: Calm We realize that Juror#4 is a logical and well-spoken stockbroker. Being rational while maintaining his calm mood allowed him to have the most stable emotion throughout the discussion and able to discuss and make decisions rationally. For instance, he urges fellow jurors to avoid emotional arguments and engage in rational discussion. When one of the jurors says this is not an exact science, he does not take into account the feelings, the passions and the characters of the people involved in the case. Other than that, most of the jurors mood has been affected and they got frustrated easily as they were staying in a no air-conditioned room in a hot sunny day. Yet, under this hot environment, he is the only juror that does not take his jacket off and always adapt for logical thinking and able to make reasonable decision. 5.5 Juror#5- Mood: Anxious to Neutral; Emotion: Nervous Next, Juror#5 has an anxious mood when expressing his opinion especially in front of the elder members of the group. He is under emotional stress because of having the same background with the boy which is growing up in the slums. This appears one of the main reasons for him voting guilty at first because he does not want compassion to influence his decision. However as the trial goes on he is able to gain more confident to voice out his opinion and sharing his experience on knife fights and normal slum behaviour that convinced other jurors there is reasonable doubt on the evidences. This makes him emotionally more stable and his mood also back to neutral. Juror#5s decision was affected by his emotion whereby at first he passes his chance to give reason why he voted guilty for the trial which maybe feeling of ashamed for having the same background with the defendant that is living in slum, uneducated and bad environmental where knife fighting was just a common phenomena. 5.6 Juror#6- Mood: A little tensed; Emotion: Calm Juror#6 is a regular employee that has high agreeableness to others. He has little tense mood because of everyone in the room is better qualified than him in making decisions and offering explanations and opinions. However he has a stable emotion that enables him to see the good in others. 5.7 Juror#7- Mood: Good to Bad; Emotion: Frustration Juror#7 is the only one that really has no opinion on this case. This can be shown by when he follows others suggestion and changes his vote easily just because he wants to go back home early. One of the sources of emotions and mood which is social activities has influenced his mood throughout the discussion. He felt happy at the beginning as he could go to watch live baseball game. However, his mood turned down and get frustrated when the discussion takes longer. His emotion and decision making was distracted by the baseball game as he wanted to speed things up a bit so he can be out of the jury room as soon as possible to enjoy his baseball game. 5.8 Juror#8- Mood: Neutral to Good; Emotion: Determined and Calm In contrast to Juror#7, Juror#8 stands firm on his decision grounded with his reasonable doubt on the evidences. Juror#8 is a caring man and he feels the responsibility to care about the boys life. Maintaining a stable emotion enables Juror#8 have a logical mind and able to make a rational decision. He has put more thoughts into the case than any other jurors which make him able to prove and explain the situation in different ways to persuade other jurors change their vote. For example, he bought the same knife used as murder weapon that is not ordinary and tried to prove the reasonable doubts on those witnesses such as the old man who drags one foot when he walks because of stroke, able to rush to the front door from his bedroom which is quite distance away in fifteen seconds and managed to look on the murderer. Juror#8 also has high emotional intelligence in this movie that he always shows the right feeling and knows how to control his own emotion even every other juror has voted g uilty but he is the only one to vote not guilty at the first. Besides that, Juror#8 urges others to be patience with the discussion and contemplate the details of the case. 5.9 Juror#9- Mood: Neutral; Emotion: Calm Next, Juror#9 is a wise old man with his great life experience and he has quite a unique way of looking at this case. His calm and relaxed mood allows him to think logically and be a good observer. He is the first one who realizes the woman, who testified that she saw the murder, had deep marks on the side of her nose and it means she wears glasses. This has put on reasonable doubt that the woman who just got out from bed may not wearing glasses, and thus it is likely for her not able to see clearly the murder across the road. He has high positive mood which is alert. For instance, he is the first to openly recognize Juror#10s racist attitude, stating that What this man says is very dangerous. 5.10 Juror#10- Mood: Bad; Emotion: Angry Let us proceed to Juror#10. Juror#10 is the most horrifying character in this movie. He tries to force his opinion of guilty to other jurors and gets angry easily when other jurors opinion is not same with him. He votes guilty and does not even try to hide the fact that he does so because of the boys social background. He has a strong stereotyping attitude and this stopped him to think rationally and voted the boy guilty just because of the boys background. This has lead to other jurors turning their back on him near the end of the movie after his outburst that shows his prejudice on the defendant. 5.11 Juror#11- Mood: Neutral; Emotion: Calm When we come to Juror#11, we know that he is an immigrant watchmaker. He believes in justice and feels he is responsible to make the correct judgment for the case. He tries to keep himself calm and relaxed throughout the discussion. This stable emotion allows him able to look at both sides of the problem. However, Juror#11 lost his temper once when he was horrified by juror#7 who voted not guilty just because want to make the trial ends as soon as possible. 5.12 Juror#12- Mood: Anxious; Emotion: Nervous Eventually, Juror#12 is an arrogant and impatient advertising executive. He has an anxious mood for the discussion to be over so that he can get back to his career and his social life. His decision gets affected by his nervous mood. This can be shown by when he change his vote easily just to follow majority and do not have his own opinion. 6.0 Other Variables That Affects Decision Making Process 6.1 Hot Environment Besides the abovementioned variables like personality, values, attitudes, emotions and moods, external factor do affect the decision making process also. One of the most prominent external factors is the environment for the discussion room. When all the jurors entered the discussion room, they found that the room was hot due to the breakdown of the air-conditioner. As a result, all the jurors just kept on finding ways to make the rooms more ventilated instead of seeking for discussion. So, the morale of all jurors has been lowered down by the hot and non-conducive environment and affects the discussion process. Definitely, they would just hope that the discussion may be ended up quickly and this drives them to make illogical decision. 6.2 Stereotype Next, the shortcut of stereotyping people used by the eleven jurors except Juror #8 in judging the suspected murderer will affect the decision making process too. Juror #3 has related his son with the suspected murder attitude. In fact, the Juror#3 did not get along with the suspected murderer attitude. He said that How kids are nowadays. He mentioned that he had a bad relationship with his son after his son hit him. Following his bad experiences, Juror#3 perceived that all teenagers were rebellious and will attack his own father. So, his stereotyping attitude has affected his decision making process and made him stressing that The boy is guilty. Another prominent stereotyping judgment can be discovered through the accusation of Juror#10 that the boy was deemed to be guilty was due to his family background. He cited that the suspected murders slum background as the evidence for him to kill his father. Undoubtedly, this stereotyping attitude will affect their decision making especiall y Juror#3 and Juror#5 and vote the boy to be guilty. 6.3 Bounded Rationality and positive Intuition Apart from those discussed variables, Juror#8 has exhibited the positive elements in making rational decision. The positive elements are bounded rationality and positive intuition. Juror#8 has constructed simplified models model that extract the essential features from problems without capturing the complexities. For example, Juror#8 has questioned about the validity of the old mans testimonial. Hence, he extracted the essential features that Can the old man who had suffered a stroke and could only walk slowly, gotten to the door to see the suspected murderer ran to the downstairs in fifteen second? in a clear manner. Furthermore, the Juror#8 also has portrayed positive intuition that mentioned that he felt the boy will not kill his father and there is a doubt about the validity of the witnesss testimonial. He once told other Juror You dont believe the boy, then why you believe the women? 6.4 Overconfidence bias However, there are several decision biases and errors happened throughout the hot discussion among those 12 angry Jurors. The first common bias shown by majority of Jurors except 8th Juror is overconfidence bias. This can be evidence through the opening of the scene where majority of the Jurors were complaining and presuming the obvious guilt of the suspected murderer. Most of them were overconfidence that the defendant had definitely killed his father. Besides that, when there was a new doubt arose like switchable knife that was not as unique as the Juror mention, most of them just upset that they were still arguing the facts and cannot go home. Hence, their overconfidence about defendant was the murderer causes them could not have a rational discussion and develop reasonable doubt. Luckily, there was 8th Juror tried to lead the team to the rational path. 6.5 Anchoring Bias Furthermore, we can detect numerals biases rooted in the mind of the Juror#3. Fro

A Comparison of Freedom in Beloved and One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest :: comparison compare contrast essays

Theme of Freedom in Beloved and One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest   Freedom as defined in Websterà ­s dictionary is liberation from the control of another person or arbitrary power, a being able to act or move without hindrance or restraint.   My definition of freedom is altered from this due to the various experiences I have had. These experiences affect my perception of life and influence how I define freedom, just as another person would view freedom differently than me.   Freedom, as I perceive it to be, is the ability to live a life without any restrictions or limitations imposed on you by others.   You must have complete control over every aspect in your life.   Most people think of freedom only in the realm of the physical, but I believe that freedom is emotional as well.   In order to be considered free, you must be separate from your past.   You need to acknowledge your past and realize what has happened, but at the same time you need to move on.   You cannot allow your life to be lived according to what has happened in your past, or a cycle will ensue.   This cycle comes from making choices while à ¬freeà ®.   During a life lived in freedom, inevitably a wrong decision will be made and you will be forced to deal with the repercussions.   Some people become slaves to these choices, which results in an emotional bind.   Therefore, from freedom comes entrapment and enslavement to the choices made while à ¬freeà ®.   People end up being extremely attached and emotionally affected by their past, such as the characters in Beloved and One Flew Over The Cuckooà ­s Nest, that they will never live a à ¬normalà ® life again.   The theme of freedom is evident in both Beloved and One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest.   Every character in both of these texts is affected by freedom in some way or another.   In Toni Morrisonà ­s Beloved, Schoolteacher acts as the catalyst who takes away his slaveà ­s freedom, where as in One Flew Over The Cuckooà ­s Nest, Nurse Ratchet plays this role by infringing upon all of her patientà ­s freedom.   Sethe, in Beloved, suffers from both kinds of freedom.   As a slave she has physical restraints placed on her as well as emotional ones.   All slaves are confined to the land of their owners, which is an obvious violation of a personà ­s freedom.   Sethe was unable to leave the plantation and go where she desired.

Emory Douglas: All Power to the People Essay -- Artists

Gun-slinging, militant-looking, irate adolescent African American men, women, and children: an incessant image employed by the revolutionary artist Emory Douglas. Douglas is perhaps one of the most iconic artists’ of the 20th century and has created thousands of influential protest images that remain unforgettable to this day. Through the use of compelling images Emory Douglas aided in defining the distinct visual aesthetic of the Black Panther Party’s newspapers, pamphlets, and posters. It was through such mediums that Douglas had the ability to enlighten and provoke a predominately illiterate and uneducated community via visual communication, illustrating that art can evolve into an overpowering device to precipitate social and political change. Emory Douglas was born and raised in Grand Rapids, Michigan, until 1951 when he and his mother relocated to the San Francisco Bay Area. At the time San Francisco was the hub of African American organizations that arranged events aimed at overthrowing the social injustices within the Bay Area’s black communities. As a minor immersed within the community Douglas became captivated by Charles Wilbert White, an African American social realist artist whom created various monochrome sketches and paintings, â€Å"transforming American scenes into iconic modernist narratives.† Not long after, Douglas was incarcerated at the Youth Training School in Ontario, California where he spent countless hours working in the penitentiary’s printery. It was not until the mid-1960’s when Douglas registered in the City College of San Francisco, majoring in commercial art and graphic design. Soon after, Douglas went to a Black Panthers rally, where he encountered Bob by Seale and Huey Newton; during ... ...ion. Tucson, AZ: John Brown Party, 1971, 1-2 Gaiter, Colette. â€Å"VISUALIZING A REVOLUTION: EMORY DOUGLAS AND THE BLACK PANTHER NEWSPAPER.† AIGA. 8 June 2005. http://www.aiga.org/visualizing-a-revolution-emory-dou... (accessed Mar. 9, 2012). Moyer, Carrie. â€Å"Minister of Culture: the Revolutionary Art of Emory Douglas.† Modern Painters 19, no.9 (2007): Art Full Text (H.W. Wilson), EBSCOhost (Apr. 11, 2012). Ross, Alice. â€Å"Emory Douglas - Interview.† Digital Arts. 26 Jan. 2009. http://www.digitalartsonline.co.uk/features/?FeatureID... (accessed Mar. 8, 2012), 2 Stewart, Sean. On the Ground: An Illustrated Anecdotal History of the Sixties Underground Press in the U.S.. Oakland, CA: PM Press, 2011, 28 Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., s.v. â€Å"Emory Douglas.† http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emory_Douglas (accessed March. 7, 2012).

A Solution to a Problem

Accomplishing goals and tasks with others is an arduous task. A course I was taking in college required research work, and to make the task attainable and undemanding with the limited time, the professor decided to divide the class into groups.Deciding on what topic to conduct research on was hard enough, but accomplishing the research work was the hardest. Our research work required field work – school visitations, floating surveys, statistical calculations, and result interpretation. There were four of us in a group.The problem was we could not figure out how we would conduct the tasks due to our conflicting schedules and extra-curricular activities – we have different schedules, one works in the office, and one is busy with familial responsibilities.The problem was how can we conduct research and accomplish all tasks as a team, balance research work with other responsibilities, and assign tasks equally to all members of the team. During class, we sat together and tal ked about our problem.We set a time where all of us were available so we can talk about how we can go about conducting research. Once we were able to talk as a team, we laid out our schedules and our free time and listed all the tasks that we need to accomplish – chronologically, from simple to complex – in order to finish the research.Perhaps, this was the most important strategy that we employed in solving our problem, that is breaking down the main problem into simple ones in order for us to get a clear picture on how we can accomplish the smaller tasks to fulfill greater tasks.Another strategy was arranging our plan of action to make it fair and amenable to all team members. So we made it a point that everyone will be assigned simple to complex tasks and that all team members will consent to the task assigned to them. Moreover, the tasks were assigned to team members with related background knowledge and expertise. For instance, one member volunteered to do the sta tistical calculations because he was familiar with the chi-square).Once we settled the distribution and delegation of tasks, we talked about the importance of each task assigned to us to complete our research project. It was important for us to finish the research project, so everyone agreed to do his part responsibly. Finally, we made it a point to meet once a week in order to put together everything that we worked on individually. We also asked for each other’s contact numbers so we can communicate and confer with each other regarding the research.The most important approach that we employed to solve the problem was the planning and discussion process. It was important during that time to divide the research work into smaller tasks, and distribute and delegate these tasks in order to ensure that we can finish the project together as a team, while making sure that we do not neglect our extra-curricular activities.Moreover, our meeting as a team allowed as to communicate how we felt about doing each task, so the tasks were delegated to team members who were amenable to the responsibilities being assigned to them, while assuring the others that they are capable of finishing their duties. With these problem-solving strategies, we were able to finish our research project efficiently as a team. Â  

How America’s Foreign Policy Shaped Essay

Foreign policy determines how America conducts relations with other countries. It is designed to further certain goals, and to ensure America’s security and defense. Originally American foreign policy was based isolationism; however, as the United States began to become more powerful, its foreign policy evolved. Through the 19th century, America concentrated on creating a nation that spanned the continent, and it avoided foreign entanglements. Once industrialized and more prosperous, it began looking for foreign markets and colonies. Dollar diplomacy was one strategy used to increase American Influence abroad. In addition to the need to exert more influence in foreign affairs for political reasons, Americans had a belief that their own cultural, moral, and racial superiority justified an increased global involvement. This can also be referred to as the Whiteman’s burden. The late nineteenth century to the 1920s can generally be described as a change of the United States from a very regional power, to a dominant world power. This shift began with the Spanish-American war. This war gave the United States, for the first time, an overseas empire. This war was also a fulfillment of the U.S aim of the Monroe Doctrine, which was that the U.S should secure the western hemisphere of colonial European rivalry which could infringe on U.S economic and political interests. This is one of the reasons why the U.S went to war against Spain, to kick the Spanish out of nearby Cuba. Along with the threats to America from Central America, and Cuba, trouble was brewing over seas in Europe during the early 20th century. When WWI began, the U.S proclaimed a policy of strict neutrality. However, due to unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Note, Wilson went to congress calling for a declaration of war on Germany. After being victorious in war, Wilson hoped to revolutionize the conduct of international affairs. He came up with the Fourteen Points, which attempted to restore territories occupied during car, eliminate imperialism, trade restrictions, secret treaties, and to set up global organization to prevent future wars. In addition to the Fourteen Points, the Dawes Plan was also enacted. This plan made the U.S banks lend money to Germany so that Germany could meet its reparation payments to countries such as France and United Kingdom. These countries in return, used these payments to service their war debts to the United States. I believe the most significant foreign policy development, is the transition from isolationist nation to an imperial power, as well as the rapid change from a conservative to progressive government, helped to shape America to be what it is today. At the dawn of the 20th century, the United States was in the midst of industrialization. But because the U.S was a different continent from Europe, it desired not to get involved in any of the entanglements of the European nations. However, due to the need for foreign markets to feed the industrial growth, foreign outreach was becoming a necessary evil, and the U.S needed to develop a less isolationist foreign policy.

The Drugging of our Children

Dr. James Schaller of the Medical College of Pennsylvania (Life Script; James Louis Schaller, MD) believes that one must rule everything out first and then see the actual problem before considering edication. It is common in this day and age for people to accuse the hyperactive child of their parents not knowing how to raise or control them. Dr. Michael D. Fraser states that parenting style is not a cause of ADD and ADHD but that it's hereditary and can even have to do with things like low birth weight, diet, and allergies.Needleman stated that, â€Å"It has also been claimed that exposure to lead can cause delinquent behavior in children†. The number one symptom of ADD or ADHD is â€Å"Often fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat†, stated by Peter Breggin, MD. Null only gets facts and stories from people that have been negatively affected by the use of psychotropic medications and doctors that are against the use of them. The audience is only able to wrap the mi nd around tragic situations that'll lead to agreement with the argument presented.It was observed that as children got older, school shootings became more common. The cause of this was claimed to be that into this answering their own questions like â€Å"Weren't guns easy to access in the 1950's and 1960's? † In fact, yes, it was Just as easy, if not easier for children to get heir hands on guns then also. Physicians looked further into the children committing these acts. Miguel Humara, Ph. D states that, â€Å"The most effective form of treatment for ADD and ADHD are cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychotropic medication†.All of the children featured in the film had a history of being on some sort of psychotropic medication, the most common being Ritalin. These drugs are most commonly meant for people ages eighteen years or older, but doctors were being lazy and Just prescribing these drugs to small children also. Comparing an eighteen ear old on Ritalin to a seven year old on it, they had different side effects. While the eighteen year old was experiencing headache and vomiting, the seven year old was hallucinating and unconsciously doing violent acts.Obvious to viewers that these had long term consequences to younger aged children. This information makes sense and is valid from people with first-hand experience, but what about the people with no horrendous side effects? What about the doctors that do rule out everything before trying out medicine? These things should have also been addressed throughout the film for accurate accusation. The argument is strong and makes the audience think about medicating young children and is definitely persuasive in making them agree.This argument makes the audience think more in depth of the side effects of medication on young children in both their short term and long term effects. Null, throughout the entire film, speaks to the audience through the credibility of doctors, educators, and parents that have lived through experiences. This is an effective way to grab the attention of the audience with real life stories of victims. It makes the audience feel as if they know the victim and can have sympathy or their experience and therefore be able to agree with the argument, making the argument effective.In reality, young children are going to be a bit hyper and squirmy in their childhood and shouldn't be look at as diseased or troubled. They need time to grow up and understand acceptable behavior. Though teachers and parents quickly make the assumption that there is something wrong, doctors need to be the ones to make the ultimate decision. Therefore, drugging of young children is the result of self- diagnoses, teacher diagnoses, and lack of medical attention and care for those with ADD and ADHD.

Surrealism Movements Reflectd on Scarlett Street Essay

Surrealism Movements Reflectd on Scarlett Street - Essay Example The essay "Surrealism Movements Reflectd on Scarlett Street" concerns the surrealism movement and the Scarlett Street film. According to the surrealist manifesto, surrealism could be defined as the following: â€Å". Psychic ultimate is an, by which one proposes to express, either verbally, in writing, or by any other manner, the real functioning of thought. Dictation of thought in the absence of all control exercised by reason, outside of all aesthetic and moral preoccupation†. It is the latter part of this particular definition that will be leveraged with regards to seeking to explain the levels of surrealism that are evidenced within the film. In effect, it is this â€Å"dictation of thought in the absence of all control exercised by reason, outside of all asked that he and moral preoccupation† that best defines the Surrealism represented in â€Å"Scarlet Street†. One could effectively argue the fact that if surrealism is constrained by anything, it is constra ined by impulse. The derivation and impacts that this level of impulse provides within the film is evidenced within nearly each and every plot device. The impulse that first guy and encourages Christopher Cross to engage the â€Å"assailant† of Kitty is precisely this; nothing more than an impulse. In very much the same way the otherwise â€Å"immoral† relationship that develops between Kitty and Chris as the film progresses can very much be understood within the context of surrealism; especially as it took place within an era that was defined by norms of behavior.